Thermal Identification Panels are primarily used for what purpose?

Thermal Identification Panels are primarily used for Air to Ground identification. This method enables pilots and ground observers to distinguish friendly forces from enemy units based on thermal signatures. These panels typically generate a distinctive thermal pattern that can be easily recognized from aerial platforms, aiding in the prevention of friendly fire incidents during operations. The panels serve as a visual cue that enhances situational awareness for aviators when engaging targets or coordinating with ground units. By using these panels, the likelihood of misidentification is reduced, improving operational effectiveness and safety in combat scenarios.

The other choices do not align with the primary function of Thermal Identification Panels as they pertain to different areas of operations. For example, sand to air and marine to air identification does not typically involve the thermal signatures that these panels are designed to display. Ground to ground identification can also be managed through other means, making air to ground the most relevant context for the use of Thermal Identification Panels.